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B03 - Multilevel coarse graining of multiscale problems

Project Details

  • Status:  In Progress
  • Head(s):  Prof. Schütte, Prof. Kornhuber, Prof. Koksch
  • Project member(s):  Dr. Stefan Klus, Dr. Johann Moschner, Dr. Marco Sarich, Maren-Wanda Wolf, Niklas Wulkow, Patrick Gelß, Dr. Andreas Bittracher
  • Participating Institution(s):  FU Berlin
  • Area:  B: Uniform meso scale behavior in scaling cascades
  • Positions available?: 

Project Summary

Molecular dynamics and related computational methods enable the description of bio­logical systems with all-atom detail. However, these approaches are limited regarding simulation times and system sizes. A systematic way to bridge the micro-macro scale range between molecular dynamics and experiments is to apply coarse-graining (CG) techniques. The basic idea of (CG) is to replace the high-dimensional all-atom descrip­tion of the system by a reduced representation that preserves a suf.cient accuracy of the properties of interest. Obviously, numerical evaluation of the coarse-grained system would require less resources so that an increase of orders of magnitude in the simu­lated time and length scales can be achieved in this way. Many different CG approaches have been introduced over the years. Most of them are validated by means of numerical experiments only, while reliable theoretical insight into their approximation properties is missing. The ambitious goal of this project is to put CG approximations on a solid mathematical footing.

To this end, we will start with the three main challenges every approach to CG is facing: (1) How to identify a suitable reduced state space, i.e., a lower-dimensional sub­space of the all-atom state space, onto which the full-atom dynamics can be projected without destroying its essential properties (by essential properties of the dynamics we mean their longest timescales and the transport and kinetic properties associated with them), (2) how to find a closed representation of the projected dynamics in terms of the result­ing coarse graining coordinates (CGC), and (3) how to provide an ef.cient numerical realization. Our approach to (1) will rely on novel CG error estimators exploiting ideas from dimension-adaptive sparse quadrature. CG is then understood as a projection of the transfer operator, re.ecting the full-atom dynamics, onto the reduced state space. Concerning (2) we will investigate existing, prevalent methods, including very recent approaches to the extraction of CG dynamics for deterministic, discrete dynamical sys­tems, with respect to their applicability in the context of projected transfer operators. Basic multigrid ideas of scale separation and localization will be used in (3) to derive and analyze a multiscale discretization of the transfer operator together with a multi­level strategy integrating the adaptive concepts from (1) and (2). In order to validate our approach and compare it with existing, heuristic CG strategies, we will .rst apply this multilevel strategy to systems with fast-slow scale separation, where analytical results are available. We will also investigate whether existing strategies can be justi.ed by our abstract results. The theoretical considerations will be complemented by applications to small but realistic molecular systems. The long-term goal of the project is a multilevel coarse grained description of supramolecular aggregation processes related to neurode­generative diseases, with simulations complemented and validated by experiments.

Project Publications

Straube, Arthur V. and Kowalik, Bartosz G. and Netz, Roland R. and Höfling, Felix (2020) Rapid onset of molecular friction in liquids bridging between the atomistic and hydrodynamic pictures. Communications Physics, 3 (126). pp. 1-11.

Bittracher, Andreas and Schütte, Christof (2020) A weak characterization of slow variables in stochastic dynamical systems. SFB 1114 Preprint in arXive . pp. 1-20. ISSN 2005.01631 (Submitted)

Banisch, R. and Trstanova, Z. and Bittracher, A. and Klus, S. and Koltai, P. (2020) Diffusion maps tailored to arbitrary non-degenerate Ito processes. SciendeDirect, 48 (1). pp. 242-265.

Kappler, Julian and Hinrichsen, Victor B. and Netz, Roland R. (2019) Non-Markovian barrier crossing with two-time-scale memory is dominated by the faster memory component. The European Physical Journal E, 42 (119). ISSN 1292-8941

Moschner, Johann and Stulberg, Valentina and Fernandes, Rita and Huhmann, Susanne and Leppkes, Jakob and Koksch, Beate (2019) Approaches to Obtaining Fluorinated α-Amino Acids. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119 (18). pp. 10718-10801.

Kowalik, Bartosz G. and Daldrop, Jan O. and Kappler, Julian and Schulz, J.C.F. and Schlaich, Alexander and Netz, Roland R. (2019) Memory-kernel extraction for different molecular solutes in solvents of varying viscosity in confinement. PhysRevE (100). 012126.

Daldrop, Jan O. and Netz, Roland R. (2019) Mass-Dependent Solvent Friction of a Hydrophobic Molecule. J. Phys. Chem. B (123). pp. 8123-8130.

Klus, S. and Bittracher, A. and Schuster, I. and Schütte, Ch. (2019) A kernel-based approach to molecular conformation analysis. Journal of Chemical Physics MMMK, 149 (244109).

Bittracher, Andreas and Banisch, Ralf and Schütte, Christof (2018) Data-driven computation of molecular reaction coordinates. J. Chem. Phys., 149 (154103).

Daldrop, J.O. and Kappler, J. and Brünig, F.N. and Netz, R.R. (2018) Butane dihedral angle dynamics in water is dominated by internal friction. https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/115/20/5169.full.pdf, 20 (115). pp. 5169-5174.

Koltai, P. and Wu, H. and Noé, F. and Schütte, Ch. (2018) Optimal data-driven estimation of generalized Markov state models for non-equilibrium dynamics. Computation, 6(1) (22). ISSN 2079-3197 (online)

Kappler, J. and Daldrop, J.O. and Brünig, F.N. and Boehle, M.D. and Netz, R.R. (2018) Memory-induced acceleration and slowdown of barrier crossing. J. Chem. Phys., 148 (1). 014903.

Hoffmann, Waldemar and Folmert, Kristin and Moschner, Johann and Xing Huang, Xing Huang and von Berlepsch, Hans and Koksch, Beate and Bowers, Michael T. and von Helden, Gert and Pagel, Kevin (2018) NFGAIL Amyloid Oligomers: The Onset of Beta-Sheet Formation and the Mechanism for Fibril Formation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 244−249, 140 . pp. 244-249.

Klus, S. and Nüske, F. and Koltai, P. and Wu, H. and Kevrekidis, I. and Schütte, Ch. and Noé, F. (2018) Data-driven model reduction and transfer operator approximation. Journal of Nonlinear Science, 28 (1). pp. 1-26.

Polthier, L. (2017) Algebraic Multilevel Methods for Markov Chains. SFB 1114 Preprint in arXiv:1711.04332 . pp. 1-19. (Unpublished)

Bittracher, A. and Koltai, P. and Klus, S. and Banisch, R. and Dellnitz, M. and Schütte, Ch. (2017) Transition manifolds of complex metastable systems: Theory and data-driven computation of effective dynamics. Journal of Nonlinear Science . pp. 1-42. ISSN 1432-1467 (online)

Klus, S. and Schütte, Ch. (2016) Towards tensor-based methods for the numerical approximation of the Perron-Frobenius and Koopman operator. Journal of Computational Dynamics . ISSN 2158-2491

Klus, S. and Koltai, P. and Schütte, Ch. (2016) On the numerical approximation of the Perron-Frobenius and Koopman operator. Journal of Computational Dynamics, 3 (1). pp. 51-79. ISSN 2158-2491

Klus, S. and Gelß, P. and Peitz, S. and Schütte, Ch. (2016) Tensor-based dynamic mode decomposition. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing . ISSN ISSN 1064-8275 (print); 1095-7197 (electronic) (Submitted)

Kornhuber, R. and Yserentant, H. (2016) Numerical Homogenization of Elliptic Multiscale Problems by Subspace Decomposition. Multiscale Model. Simul., 14 (3). pp. 1017-1036. ISSN print: 1540-3459; online: 1540-3467

Enciso, M. and Schütte, Ch. and Delle Site, L. (2015) Influence of pH and sequence in peptide aggregation via molecular simulation. Journal of Chemical Physics, 143 (24). p. 243130. ISSN 0021-9606

Schuster, I. and Strathmann, H. and Paige, B. and Sejdinovic, Dino (2015) Kernel Sequential Monte Carlo. SFB 1114 Preprint in arXiv:1510.03105 . (Submitted)